Petroleum Jelly (Petrolatum / Mineral Oil) is a byproduct of crude oil refining, used for moisture retention. Creates a barrier on the skin and gives a glossy finish. It is deodorised and bleached for cosmetic use, an extremely cheap product filler. Petroleum should not be ingested, when eaten it stays in the body which is called bioaccumulation.
Synthetic polymers and microplastics can be found across almost all categories of lip cosmetics, particularly in long-lasting, high-shine, and glitter formulas. Independent studies, including a report by Greenpeace Italy, have found synthetic polymers or microplastics in 85% of lipsticks and lip glosses tested.
Polymers and copolymers are synthetic or semi synthetic compounds added to improve texture, create a glossy shine and lock in moisture. Common examples include ethylene/propylene/styrene copolymer and polybutene, which form flexible films that stop the product from melting or sliding off.
What to look for
"Poly-" Common examples include Polyethylene, Polybutene, Polyacrylate, and Polyurethane.
"-styrene" Indicates synthetic plastic resins like Styrene/Acrylates Copolymer or Ethylene/Propylene/Styrene Copolymer.
"-siloxan" or "-methicone" These are silicones, which are synthetic liquid polymers. Examples include Dimethicone and Cyclopentasiloxane.
"Nylon" Often listed with numbers, like Nylon-12 or Nylon-6, used for texture.
"Acrylates" Indicates acrylic plastics like Acrylates Copolymer
Carmine is a natural red pigment made from crushed cochineal insects (yep—actual insects), and it’s been used for centuries to colour cosmetics, food, and textiles. While it’s prized for its rich, stable color and natural origin, it’s controversial because it’s not vegan, can trigger allergies in some people, and clashes with cruelty-free or ethical beauty standards.
Lead & Heavy Metals while not intentional ingredients can be found in some lip products especially strong pigmented ones. Often present in colour pigments used in red and dark lipsticks, usually as trace contaminants from mineral sources.
Synthetic Fragrances & Flavors which are man made to add scent or taste to lip balms, glosses, and lipsticks. These ingredients are allowed to come under the umbrella of “parfum” or “aroma”. The concern is that when ingredients are undisclosed it is more difficult for the consumer can avoid. Undisclosed ingredients may include phthalates and allergens. These can cause skin irritation, dryness, or allergic reactions. Phthalates are linked to hormone disruption and reproductive issues.